My Personal Finance Blog

One of the benefits claimed for capitalism is that the investment market calls for transparency. That means all companies selling stocks through the various exchanges must disclose reasonably full details of their financial performance – at least enough to allow investors to make an informed decision on whether to buy or sell. If the information is deliberately incomplete or misleading in a real way, the company can be prosecuted. In ideal world, this must keep companies honest. In March 2010, the economists are still arguing about whether the recession is over. Some are passionately asserting that all the major economies will now start positive growth. Others are equally passionate in warning about double dip recession or stagnation. Whichever camp eventually proves right, one very interesting piece of news to come out of the companies selling life insurance is that their more conservative approach to investment has produced steady growth throughout the recession. When you think of all the companies selling their expertise for the management of investments or the exploitation of movements in value through the hedge funds, it is good to see traditional values of prudence paying off. The returns may have been relatively small, i.e. between 3 and 4%, but any investment manager showing a positive return during a recession is something of a superstar.

As indicated in an previous article, this does not mean you should immediately purchase a whole life insurance. Ignoring the significant commission payments that cause much of your first year’s premium to disappear, it needs careful financial planning to decide whether whole life or the allied universal life fits your needs. One of the claimed advantages of whole life policies is they represent compulsory saving for your retirement, i.e. the cash value can either be drawn down or used as collateral for a loan if an emergency arises.

But that is the purpose of the 401k accounts. Both represent tax-free ways of saving and investing for retirement. But the greater freedom to manage the 401k accounts and the absence of both upfront commissions and high management fees usually means the returns are higher. Do not be deceived by the short-term losses in your 401k accounts over the last two years. Taking the longer view, investments have shown steady growth over the last fifty years. In real terms, you can expect your 401k account to yield more than a whole life policy. Put another way, you should only buy a whole life or universal policy when you have the maximum invested in your 401k and other more tax efficient savings and investment plans.

This does not mean you should not buy life insurance. Making adequate provision for your family and other dependents is a wise move. But you should only buy whole life if you intend to keep the cash value untouched until all the other savings have been exhausted. Otherwise, you are not giving the investment element enough time to maximize the return. When you use this site and get life insurance quotes, take the time to work through your overall financial strategy. If a whole or universal life policy fits into your best possible plans, buy with confidence. Otherwise use the life insurance quotes to find policies to make the right level of financial provision for your dependents without having to rely on a large investment component. If in doubt, work through the figures with an independent insurance agent. Make sure you make the right decision.

One of the results of the recession has been to reinforce the tendency to opt for term insurance as the first life policy. With the disappearance of credit and the pressure on employment, people have decide to switch to prudence. That means paying down the debts and cutting back on discretionary spending. Is this financial puritanism sensible? There are a number of factors to consider. First, a definition. A term policy is life coverage for a fixed number of years. Think of it as like a bet. If you are still alive at the end of the term, the insurance keeps all the premiums, and you and your dependents get nothing. Now, let’s focus on the psychology of the young. Most never bother thinking about insurance or, if they do, it’s a very low priority. Why bother worrying about something that’s unlikely to happen for decades? Statistically, this is a reasonable view. Just as many young people back their health and refuse to buy an individual health plan, the majority see no advantage in life insurance. Life expectancy has been rising steadily over the last 50 years. This calm confidence lasts until they enter a stable relationship. Until children appear. But, by then, the cost of living has gone up and, potentially, what was two incomes has become one. Then, buying term insurance is the cheap option.

The real question is whether buying a whole life policy early is always the right answer. The argument goes that you take on the higher premiums when, as a young single, you have the most disposable income. Inflation and pay increases slowly make the higher premiums more affordable. If you do become a two-income family, this really takes the pressure off. Hopefully, by the time children come along, you have already produced a financial situation in which the premiums are now affordable. Hmmm. Back to definitions: this policy insures your life, but also has an investment element that builds up a cash value over time. If you keep up the premiums, this provides security during retirement and for your dependents. Except, people do not make rational financial decisions. The young prefer to enjoy their youth rather than stay home and save for their retirement. Worse, the reality of most of the investment elements is that they represent poor performance. If you bought term insurance and invested the balance of the premium saved in regular investments, you would almost certainly do better. The hard reality is the insurance companies charge commissions for setting up your account and then impose management fees for investing your money. This slices the top off the investment returns.

So the conclusion is slightly bad news. The decision on what to buy is not directly related to the life insurance quotes you receive through a site like this. The best value is buying term insurance and having the self-discipline to invest a growing proportion of your income. If you do not have that self-discipline, the whole life, universal and variable policies represent compulsory savings. In effect, you are paying the life company to do the work of investing for you. The perfect choice starts with the life insurance quotes and diverts through the office of an independent actuary who will give you an educated guess on the quality of the investment returns from the whole life policy as against managing your own investments over the next thirty years or so. Now you can decide whether you want to trust yourself or accept a low but guaranteed yield from the insurance company.

Looking around the US economy right now. Homes have been foreclosed, bankruptcy looms on private debts and the retirement 401ks have taken a serious hit. Life as we knew it has been turned upside down without anything in place to catch us as we fell. So how did we get into this mess? The economists tell us we have been living beyond our means. Credit was cheap and, with banks and credit card companies raising their borrowing limits, there seemed to be nothing we could not afford. There was no need for savings. Everything could be charged. If the limit was reached, the housing equity could be released as cash. Over a period of about twenty years, we switched from a country that saves to a country that spends on credit. In the period just after World War II, we had “prudence”. People mostly paid cash for what they wanted and, if they did not have enough, they saved. It was a revolution when, suddenly, everything could be paid for in affordable monthly instalments. In one sense, this is the easiest way to get into serious debt without noticing. When you only pay a few hundred dollars every month, it hardly registers the total debt is tens of thousands.

Insurance companies were the last of the hold-outs. For years, they insisted everyone should pay them a lump sum once a year. Then, slowly, there was a cave. First it slipped to every six months, then quarterly. Now almost every company across the nation accepts monthly. What’s the problem for the insurance companies? Well, they estimate the likely total cost of the claims they will have to pay over the next twelve months and divide that amount between all the policy holders as the premium. If the company has done its sums properly and everyone pays once a year, the company always has the cash in the bank to pay out on all the claims. If people pay monthly, they can easily change to another insurer. They can miss one month’s payment when the family budget is under pressure. That means the insurer may not have enough money to pay the claims. So, to encourage all you people with some savings (or some slack on your credit cards), they offer discounts if you agree to pay every six or twelve months. It gives them more security and saves you some money. Paying monthly costs you the most.

That said, paying monthly gives you flexibility. You can use the online search engines to find auto insurance quotes at the lowest price. Then for just one month’s premium, you can be driving. In effect, this becomes a monthly policy. You can keep shopping around for new premium offers from different insurers. If you find a better monthly rate, you can transfer at the end of the month. But if you pay once or twice a year, the insurer will hit you with high cancellation charges to lock you in. Whatever you might save disappears. Worse, if you change the make and model of your vehicle during the longer policy term, it can be too expensive to move the policy to a cheaper company. You end up paying the higher premium until the six or twelve months end. So make a wise decision. Auto insurance is never cheap. Avoid making it too expensive.